# Universal Constants

## Universal Constants

There are many other important constants in physics, chemistry, and mathematics. But these are the foundational constant of our known cosmos. If these values were different, then our existence could have not been possible.

# Constant Name Symbol value
1 constant of gravitation G 6.67384 × 10−11 cubic meter per second squared per kilogram
2 speed of light (in a vacuum) c 2.99792458 × 108 meters per second
3 Planck’s constant h 6.626070040 × 10−34 joule second
4 Boltzmann constant k 1.38064852 × 10−23 joule per kelvin
5 Faraday constant F 9.648533289 × 104 coulombs per mole
6 electron rest mass me 9.10938356 × 10−31 kilogram
7 proton rest mass mp 1.672621898 × 10−27 kilogram
8 neutron rest mass mn 1.674927471 × 10−27 kilogram
9 charge on electron e 1.6021766208 × 10−19 coulomb
10 Rydberg constant R∞ 1.0973731568508 × 107 per metre
11 Stefan-Boltzmann constant σ 5.670367 × 10−8 watt per square metre per kelvin4
12 fine-structure constant α 7.2973525664 × 10−3
13 Pi π 3.14159
14 Phi, Golden ratio φ 1.61803 39887 49894 84820 (x^2 – x-1 = 0)
15 Euler’s number e 2.71828 18284 59045 23536
16 Natural logarithm of 2 ln(2) 0.69314 71805 59945 30941

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